@import"https://www.theglobeandmail.com/files/interactive/assets/styles/gi-fonts.css?token=5";:root{--gi-label-box-colour: #2e2e2e;--gi-label-text-colour: #fff;--gi-label-box-colour-overlay: var(--gi-label-box-colour);--gi-label-text-colour-overlay: var(--gi-label-text-colour);--gi-bg-colour: #191919;--gi-max-width: 1500px}#gi-header{position:relative;display:flex;align-items:center;flex-direction:column;width:100vw;left:calc(50% - 50vw)}.gi-header{color:#191919;width:100vw}@media (min-width: 1600px){.gi-header.gi-dark-bg:not(.gi-two-col):not(.gi-art-full):not(.gi-full-width){padding-bottom:2rem}}.gi-header__content{position:relative;display:flex;flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap;padding:2rem 0 0;margin-bottom:1rem;background-color:#eadfd5}.gi-header__content figure{margin:0;padding:0}@media (min-width: 992px){.gi-header__content{padding-top:0;background-color:transparent}}@media (min-width: 1500px){.gi-header__content{margin-top:1.25rem}}.gi-header__content h1{font-family:GMsanC-Bold,Helvetica Neue,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:3.8rem;line-height:1;margin:0;font-weight:400;text-transform:uppercase}.gi-header__content h1 span:nth-of-type(1){display:block;font-size:2.75rem;line-height:.635}.gi-header__content h1 span:nth-of-type(2){display:block;font-size:6.7rem;line-height:.875}@media (min-width: 768px){.gi-header__content h1{font-size:5.3rem}.gi-header__content h1 span:nth-of-type(1){display:block;font-size:3.845rem;line-height:.625}.gi-header__content h1 span:nth-of-type(2){display:block;font-size:9.375rem;line-height:.88}}.gi-header.gi-dark-bg .gi-header__content{background-color:var(--gi-bg-colour)}.gi-header.gi-head-lrg .gi-header__content h1{font-size:2.6rem;line-height:1.05}@media (min-width: 768px){.gi-header.gi-head-lrg .gi-header__content h1{font-size:3.8rem;line-height:1}}@media (min-width: 992px){.gi-header.gi-head-lrg .gi-header__content h1{font-size:4.2rem;line-height:1}}@media (min-width: 1200px){.gi-header.gi-head-lrg .gi-header__content h1{font-size:clamp(4.2rem,4.4vw,5.6rem)}}@media (min-width: 2500px){.gi-header.gi-head-lrg .gi-header__content h1{line-height:.98}}.gi-header.gi-two-col.gi-swap-col:not(.gi-art-full):not(.gi-dark-bg) .gi-header__content{border-bottom:1px solid #e5e5e5}@media (min-width: 1200px){.gi-header__content{gap:.5rem}.gi-header.gi-two-col:not(.gi-art-full) .gi-header__content{flex-direction:row}.gi-header.gi-two-col:not(.gi-art-full):not(.gi-dark-bg) .gi-header__content{border-top:1px solid #e5e5e5;border-bottom:1px solid #e5e5e5}}.gi-header__text{display:flex;z-index:1;max-width:320px;padding:1.5rem 1.5rem 1rem;margin-bottom:1rem;box-shadow:0 0 8px #0003;background-color:#fff}@media (min-width: 992px){.gi-header__text{margin-bottom:0}}.gi-header.gi-two-col:not(.gi-full-width):not(.gi-art-full) .gi-header__text{max-width:800px}.gi-header.gi-two-col.gi-swap-col .gi-header__text{order:1}@media (min-width: 768px){.gi-header__text{max-width:425px;padding-bottom:1rem}}@media (min-width: 992px){.gi-header.gi-art-full:not(.gi-no-art) .gi-header__text{position:absolute;background-color:#fffffff6;box-shadow:0 0 8px #0003}}@media (min-width: 992px){.gi-header.gi-art-full:not(.gi-no-art) .gi-header__text{justify-content:flex-start;align-items:flex-start}.gi-header.gi-art-full:not(.gi-no-art).gi-head-vertical-top .gi-header__text{align-items:flex-start}.gi-header.gi-art-full:not(.gi-no-art).gi-head-vertical-centre .gi-header__text{align-items:center}.gi-header.gi-art-full:not(.gi-no-art).gi-head-vertical-bottom .gi-header__text{align-items:flex-end}.gi-header.gi-art-full:not(.gi-no-art).gi-head-horizontal-left .gi-header__text{justify-content:flex-start}.gi-header.gi-art-full:not(.gi-no-art).gi-head-horizontal-centre .gi-header__text{justify-content:center}.gi-header.gi-art-full:not(.gi-no-art).gi-head-horizontal-right .gi-header__text{justify-content:flex-end}}.gi-header__headline{width:100%;margin:0 auto}.gi-header.gi-no-art:not(.gi-dark-bg) .gi-header__headline{padding-bottom:0}.gi-header.gi-no-art .gi-header__headline{padding-bottom:3rem}.gi-header.gi-two-col.gi-swap-col .gi-header__headline{padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0}.gi-header.gi-head-centre-text .gi-header__headline{text-align:center}@media (min-width: 768px){.gi-header__headline{padding-left:0;padding-right:0}.gi-header.gi-dark-bg .gi-header__headline{padding-top:3.25rem;padding-bottom:1.75rem}}@media (min-width: 1200px){.gi-header.gi-two-col.gi-swap-col .gi-header__headline{padding-top:2rem;padding-bottom:1.75rem}}@media (min-width: 1600px){.gi-header.gi-two-col.gi-swap-col:not(.gi-full-width):not(.gi-art-full) .gi-header__headline{padding-left:5rem;padding-right:0}.gi-header.gi-art-full:not(.gi-no-art):not(.gi-two-col) .gi-header__headline{max-width:700px}.gi-header.gi-art-full:not(.gi-no-art) .gi-header__headline{max-width:700px}}@media (min-width: 1700px){.gi-header.gi-two-col:not(.gi-full-width):not(.gi-art-full) .gi-header__headline{padding-left:0;padding-right:5rem}}.gi-header__label{display:block;text-shadow:none;font-family:GMsans-Web-Label,Helvetica Neue,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;text-transform:uppercase;width:100%;font-size:1rem;line-height:.8rem;padding:.35rem;margin-bottom:.25rem;color:var(--gi-label-text-colour);background-color:#da161f;color:#fff}.gi-header__deck{text-align:center;font-family:Pratt,Georgia,Times New Roman,Times,serif;font-size:1.2rem;letter-spacing:0;line-height:1.35;margin:.15rem 0 0}.gi-header.gi-head-centre-text .gi-header__deck{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}@media (min-width: 768px){.gi-header__deck{font-size:1.2rem}}.gi-header__rule{display:inline-block;width:35px;height:2px;background-color:#cc6703;margin-top:1.25rem}.gi-header__byline{display:block;margin:0;font-family:GMsanC-Bold,Helvetica Neue,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;text-transform:uppercase;font-size:.85rem;line-height:1.5;letter-spacing:.0625rem}.gi-header__byline--secondary{margin-top:0}.gi-header__byline-beat{display:block;font-family:GMsanC-Regular,Helvetica Neue,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:.725rem}.gi-header__creditline,.gi-header__timestamp,.gi-header__placeline{display:block;text-align:center;font-family:GMsanC-Regular,Helvetica Neue,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;text-transform:uppercase;font-size:.7rem;line-height:1.5;letter-spacing:.0625rem}.gi-header__subscribed{display:inline-block;font-family:GMsanC-Bold,Helvetica Neue,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:.75rem;line-height:.75rem;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;letter-spacing:.0625rem;text-transform:uppercase;padding:.25rem .4375rem;margin-top:.3125rem;background-color:#4c4c4c}.gi-header__art{position:relative;display:flex;flex-direction:column;width:100%;min-height:500px;background-color:#fff;overflow:hidden}.gi-header__art picture{height:640px;overflow:hidden}@media (min-width: 992px){.gi-header__art picture{height:auto}}@media (min-width: 1200px){.gi-header:not(.gi-full-width) .gi-header__art{max-width:var(--gi-max-width)}}@media (min-width: 1200px){.gi-header.gi-two-col:not(.gi-full-width):not(.gi-art-full) .gi-header__art{max-width:800px}}@media (min-width: 992px){.gi-header__art:before{content:"";position:absolute;width:100%;height:100%;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;left:0;pointer-events:none}.gi-header.gi-art-full:not(.gi-no-art).gi-art-gradient.gi-head-horizontal-left .gi-header__art:before{background:linear-gradient(90deg,#0006,#0000)}.gi-header.gi-art-full:not(.gi-no-art).gi-art-gradient.gi-head-horizontal-right .gi-header__art:before{background:linear-gradient(270deg,#0006,#0000)}.gi-header.gi-art-full:not(.gi-no-art).gi-art-gradient.gi-head-horizontal-centre .gi-header__art:before{background:linear-gradient(270deg,#0000,#0006,#0000)}}.gi-header__art img,.gi-header__art video{display:block;height:100%;animation:slide-in 40s linear infinite alternate;aspect-ratio:4/3;object-fit:contain}@media (min-width: 768px){.gi-header__art img,.gi-header__art video{width:100%;height:auto;margin-top:0;animation:none}}@media (min-width: 992px){.gi-header__art img,.gi-header__art video{width:100%;height:auto;margin-top:0;animation:none}}@keyframes slide-in{0%{transform:translate(0)}50%{transform:translate(calc(-100% + 100vw))}to{transform:translate(0)}}.gi-header__caption{display:none;position:relative;width:100vw;color:#595959;padding:1rem 1.25rem;font-family:GMsanC-Regular,Helvetica Neue,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.5;letter-spacing:.0125rem;left:calc(50% - 50vw)}.gi-header__caption .gi-header__caption-cutline,.gi-header__caption .gi-header__caption-credit{display:block;margin:0 auto;padding-bottom:.35rem}.gi-header__caption .gi-header__caption-credit{font-size:.875rem;text-transform:uppercase;padding:0}.gi-header.gi-dark-bg:not(.gi-art-full) .gi-header__caption{background-color:#fff;color:#595959}@media (min-width: 1600px){.gi-header.gi-dark-bg:not(.gi-full-width) .gi-header__caption{background-color:var(--gi-bg-colour);color:#fff;padding-bottom:2rem}}@media (min-width: 1200px){.gi-header.gi-dark-bg.gi-two-col .gi-header__caption{background-color:#fff;color:#595959}}.gi-header-caption-cont{width:100%;margin:0 auto}@media (min-width: 768px){.gi-header-caption-cont{max-width:680px}}@media (min-width: 1024px){.gi-header-caption-cont{max-width:700px}}.gi-header-audio{margin-top:1.125rem;margin-bottom:1.125rem}.gi-header-audio.gi-no-audio{display:none}.gi-header__actions{display:block;margin:.5rem 0 0}.gi-header__actions .article-toolbar{justify-content:center}.gi-header__actions .c-article-meta{display:flex;border-color:#e5e5e5;justify-content:center;padding:.25rem 0 0;margin:0 auto;max-width:700px}.gi-header.gi-head-centre-text .gi-header__actions .c-article-meta{justify-content:center}.gi-header__meta{text-align:center;margin-top:.15rem;color:#191919}#title-content-area{height:0px}.o-primary-header:only-child{margin:0}.o-primary-header,.c-article-meta{display:none}.l-grid--article-no-sidebar .l-grid--main .l-article{margin-top:0}.l-grid--article-no-sidebar .l-grid--main .l-article>:first-child:not(.rawHtml){margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0}.no-margin-top{margin-top:0!important}.no-margin-bottom{margin-bottom:0!important}.popover{text-shadow:none}.article-toolbar{align-items:center}@media (max-width: 47.99rem){.article-toolbar:first-child{margin-left:0}}