Yves Winter is an associate professor of political science at McGill University.
Noah Brender is a faculty member in the humanities department at Dawson College.
Danielle Bobker is a professor of English at Concordia University.
Michael Blum is a professor in the École des arts visuels et médiatiques at the Université du Québec à Montréal.
There’s an old Jewish joke: two Jews are shipwrecked on a desert island. When they’re finally rescued years later, the rescuers find three synagogues. Baffled, they ask why. One survivor explains: one is his shul, the other is his shipmate’s shul, and the third is the one neither of them would ever set foot in.
Jews have never agreed about how to be Jewish. Yet these disagreements are increasingly treated as evidence of hatred.
Last week, the federal government released the Campus Antisemitism and Student Experiences (CASE) report. Commissioned by the Department of Canadian Heritage and produced by the Association for Canadian Studies, it surveyed roughly 900 Jewish students at Canadian universities and colleges about their experiences over the past year.
The numbers are alarming: 84 per cent of respondents call antisemitism a serious problem on their campus; almost 96 per cent say they experienced or witnessed at least one antisemitic incident in the past year; 70 per cent say their university does not take the problem seriously.
The report documents disturbing incidents: swastikas in bathroom stalls, Holocaust denial in classrooms, students spat on for wearing a Star of David, a professor allegedly calling Hitler a hero.
But beneath the report’s stark figures and shocking examples of antisemitism lies a partisan move. The report treats opposition to Zionism as evidence of antisemitism, a move that provides institutions grounds for disciplining scholars for what they teach and for policing students over how they protest.
We write as members of the Jewish Faculty Network, a group of Jewish Canadian academics who share a commitment to social justice. This includes criticism of, and opposition to, Zionism.
The report defines “anti-Zionism” as a movement that calls for the “erasure” or “annihilation” of Israel. This is incorrect, and it attempts to turn a legitimate political position into a synonym for hatred before a single survey question is even asked.
Anti-Zionism is a 100-year-old, well-documented current of Jewish thought that has never called for erasing or annihilating anyone. Reform Judaism’s 19th-century founders argued that Jews were a religious community, not a nation awaiting a state. A few decades later, the Jewish Labour Bund, a mass socialist movement across Eastern Europe, built a political program based on doikayt, the idea that Jewish safety comes from equal rights where Jews already live, not from a state somewhere else. Some Hasidic communities have opposed Jewish sovereignty on religious grounds for over a century.
Opinion: Hate absolutely has its place in Canada. It has been normalized, ignored and excused
Ask a dozen Jewish thinkers whether Judaism is best understood as a religion, a culture, or a nationality, and you will get a dozen conflicting answers. This report settles the question by decree, and throws out half of them in the process.
By defining anti-Zionism as a call for annihilation or erasure, the report writes an entire wing of Jewish political thought out of the category “Jewish” and files it instead under “threat.”
This is compounded by how the report gathered its data. It recruited Jewish respondents through Hillel and Chabad – the networks least likely to reach non-Zionist or anti-Zionist Jewish students – and excluded non-Zionist Jewish groups, like Independent Jewish Voices. A survey that can’t hear from Jews like us, filtered through a definition that casts our views as hatred, doesn’t measure antisemitism. It confirms its own premises.
Nor does the report ask how Jewish students’ experiences compare to those of other minorities on campus, a silence that treats antisemitism as apart from racism rather than one of its forms.
There are serious institutional stakes. The report recommends that universities treat opposition to Zionism as equivalent to hostility toward Jews, on the same scale as vandalism and physical violence. It cites, as troubling evidence of classroom antisemitism, professors who assign pro-Palestinian readings or criticize Israeli policy. Once curriculum content and faculty opinion are coded as antisemitism alongside swastikas and assault, they become grounds for institutional discipline, a rationale for administrations to act against professors who teach Palestinian history or condemn Israeli state conduct, and against students who organize in solidarity with Palestinians.
None of this means antisemitism isn’t as real as other forms of racism on Canadian campuses. But the report’s biased definition of anti-Zionism, which brands a legitimate, century-old current of Jewish political thought as hatred, should not be allowed to shape campus policy or discipline.