A protester speaks to police as they block the road during a rally after the Belarusian presidential election, in Minsk, Belarus, on Aug. 9, 2020.Sergei Grits/The Associated Press
A protester died amid clashes between police and thousands of people gathered for a second straight night on Monday in Belarus after official results from weekend elections – dismissed by the opposition as a sham – gave an overwhelming victory to authoritarian President Alexander Lukashenko.
Interior Ministry spokesman Alexander Lastovsky said the victim was part of a crowd of people protesting results of Sunday’s presidential vote. The protester intended to throw an explosive device, but it blew up in his hand and killed him, Mr. Lastovsky said.
The death came amid demonstrations in at least four areas of Minsk that met with a harsh response from police who tried to disperse protesters with flash-bang grenades and rubber bullets. Near the Pushkinskaya subway station, about 3,000 protesters tried to build barricades.
Mr. Lukashenko’s hard line rule began in 1994 and his victory would extend it until 2025. He derided the opposition as “sheep” manipulated by foreign masters.
Dozens were injured and thousands detained hours after Sunday’s vote, when police brutally broke up mostly young protesters with tear gas, water cannons and beat them with truncheons. Rights activists said one person died after being run over by a police truck – which authorities denied.
Election officials said Mr. Lukashenko won a sixth term in office with 80 per cent of the vote, while opposition challenger Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya got 10 per cent. Ms. Tsikhanouskaya submitted a formal request for a recount to the Central Election Commission.
After submitting the request, both Ms. Tsikhanouskaya and her spokeswoman remained unreachable. Upon leaving the commission’s headquarters she said “I have made a decision, I must be with my children.”
It was unclear if her statement meant that she was heading abroad to reunite with her children, whom she had earlier sent to an unspecified European country after receiving threats.
On Monday evening, scattered groups of opposition supporters began gathering in downtown Minsk, chanting “Freedom!” and “Long live Belarus!” A heavy police contingent blocked central squares and avenues, moving quickly to disperse protesters and detained dozens.
Later, about 1,000 protesters gathered near a big shopping mall in downtown Minsk before being dispersed by police. The Viasna rights group said protesters also gathered in several other Belarusian cities, including Brest, Mogilev and Vitebsk, where detentions also took place.
The police crackdown drew harsh criticism from European capitals and will likely complicate Mr. Lukashenko’s efforts to mend ties with the West amid tensions with his main ally and sponsor, Russia.
U.S. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo said in a statement that the election was not “free and fair” and added, “We strongly condemn ongoing violence against protesters and the detention of opposition supporters.”
Canada’s Foreign Affairs Minister François-Philippe Champagne said the police response “further eroded the democratic legitimacy of the vote,” and he called for the results to reflect what Belarusians want for their country.
“The people of Belarus have demonstrated their desire for democracy through their unprecedented mobilization over the past few weeks,” Mr. Champagne said in the statement.
“Free, fair and inclusive elections are critical to any functioning democracy,” he added, saying Canada had already expressed its concern ahead of the election over the arrests of opposition candidates, prominent bloggers and activists who took part in peaceful protests.
“We call on the government of Belarus to exercise restraint and uphold respect for human rights,” Mr. Champagne said.
Mr. Lukashenko, whose iron-fisted rule since 1994 has fuelled growing discontent in the former Soviet country of 9.5 million, warned that he wouldn’t hesitate to use force again. He argued that the protesters met a due response overnight after injuring dozens of police officers and attempting to take control of official buildings in several Belarusian cities.
“We will not allow them to tear the country apart,” he said.
The 65-year-old former state farm director asserted that the opposition was being directed from Poland and the Czech Republic, adding that some groups in Ukraine and Russia could also have been behind the protests.
“They are directing the [opposition] headquarters where those sheep don’t understand what they want from them,” he said in a dismissive reference to Ms. Tsikhanouskaya and her campaign.
Czech Foreign Minister Tomas Petricek dismissed Mr. Lukashenko’s claim, saying his country has not organized any protests.
The Interior Ministry said 89 people were injured during the protests late Sunday and early Monday, including 39 law enforcement officers, and about 3,000 people were detained, about 1,000 of them in Minsk.
Ms. Tsikhanouskaya, a 37-year-old former English teacher without any prior political experience, entered the race after her husband, an opposition blogger who had hoped to run for president, was arrested in May. She has managed to unite fractured opposition groups and draw tens of thousands to her campaign rallies – the largest opposition demonstrations since the 1991 collapse of the Soviet Union.
“We don’t agree with [the election results], we have absolutely opposite information,” Ms. Tsikhanouskaya said on Monday. “We have official protocols from many poll stations, where the number of votes in my favour are many more times than for another candidate.”
The coronavirus-induced economic damage and Ms. Lukashenko’s swaggering response to the pandemic, which he airily dismissed as “psychosis,” has fuelled broad anger, helping swell the opposition ranks. The postelection protest, in which young demonstrators – many of them teenagers – confronted police, marked a previously unseen level of violence.
Internet and mobile networks went down after the polls closed as authorities tried to make it more difficult for protesters to co-ordinate.
“The more they beat us, the less we believe in the official results,” said Denis Golubev, a 28-year-old IT specialist who joined the protests.
The European Union condemned the police crackdown and called for an immediate release of all those detained.
In a joint statement, EU foreign policy chief Josep Borrell and the EU commissioner responsible for relations with Europe’s close neighbours, Oliver Varhelyi, lamented that “the election night was marred with disproportionate and unacceptable state violence against peaceful protesters.”
Belarus’s EU and NATO neighbours, Poland and Lithuania, also issued strong rebukes. Polish Prime Minister Mateusz Morawiecki called on the EU’s leaders to convene an extraordinary summit to support the Belarusian people’s democratic aspirations.
The British Foreign Office also urged Belarusian authorities to “refrain from further acts of violence following the seriously flawed presidential elections.”
In the early 2000s, the United States and the EU slapped sanctions against Mr. Lukashenko’s government, but they lifted most of the penalties in recent years after Mr. Lukashenko freed political prisoners and allowed some opposition protests.
The Trump Adminsitration has recently sought to improve long-strained ties with Mr. Lukashenko, who some officials say could be a valuable partner in countering Russian influence in eastern and central Europe. In early February, Mr. Pompeo became the first U.S. chief diplomat in more than 25 years to travel to Belarus and offered to sell U.S. oil and gas to the country to reduce its dependence on Russian energy.
The administration has also nominated an ambassador to Belarus, who, if confirmed, would be the first to the country since 2008.
Throughout his tenure, Mr. Lukashenko has tried to exert pressure on the Kremlin with the prospect of normalizing ties with the West in a bid to win more Russian subsidies. But the violent crackdown now appears likely to derail Mr. Lukashenko’s hopes for those ties as Russia exerts pressure on its small neighbour.
Moscow this year cut supplies of cheap oil to Belarusian refineries, depriving the country of an estimated US$700-million in revenue from oil product exports. Russia-Belarus ties were further strained last week, when Belarusian law enforcement agencies arrested 33 Russian private military contractors and accused them of planning to stage “mass riots.”
Moscow has rejected the charges. Russian President Vladimir Putin called Mr. Lukashenko Friday to mend the rift and quickly congratulated him Monday on winning the vote. The Belarusian leader also received congratulations from Chinese President Xi Jinping and heads of several ex-Soviet countries.
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